Identify the way in which marketing techniques have been successfully Essay

Identify the way in which grocerying techniques oblige been successfully used to create positive perceptions of a star product - Essay ExampleKotler (1991) goes moreover when he said divider is the subdividing of grocery store into homogeneous sub-set of customers, where any subset may conceivably be selected as market target to be reached with distinct market mix. A Nigerian Politician in a campaign speech said, Vote for the present IT literate generation, not the old generation who still thinks that berry is a kind of fruit (El-Rufai, 2010). The truism of this statement underlies the success (Appendix I III) of blackberry bush. Made by research in Motion since 1999, it is one of the smartphones that incorporates different features such as email, PDA, WiFi, etc. The success of Blackberry phones is seen in the Appendix I which shows the increasing revenues throughout the fiscal year 2009. Today, most phone manufacturers digest copied the features of Blackberry phones in othe r to tap into the lucrative market being enjoyed by Blackberry. Nokia, Samsung, LG, among others have all dead person from their traditional call phones to smartphone technology being pioneered by Blackberry. 2. Definitions of Market Segmentation To fully understand market partation, several definitions by scholars and experts will be analyzed. Market segmentation consists of taking the total heterogeneous markets for a product and dividing it into several sub-markets or segments, each of which tends to be homogenous in full signifi digestt aspects (Stanton, 1981). tally to American Marketing Association, Market segmentation refers to dividing the heterogeneous markets into smaller customer groups having certain homogenous characteristics that can be satisfied by the tighten (Jain, 2010). The foregoing definitions are going to point out that segmentation is a valuable strategy to be adopted by firms that want to increase their market shares and revenues. jibe to Bose (2010) goo d market segmentation must have the following qualities accessible to the firm, for instance, if the law prohibits the firm from exporting, you cannot have a market segmentation based on an overseas market. It should be sustainable, the returns from the market should be profuse to unfreeze the profit target of the firm and the investment made in the market. If the segment does not justify its profit target, it makes no economic sense. Also, it must be measurable. The size and purchasing power of the members of the segments should be known. Finally, the segment should be responsiveness, that is, the market should respond positively to the firms marketing strategies. According to Dibb and Simkin (1997) a range of benefits arise from the market segmentation. First, the process puts customers first, maximizes resources and emphasizes strengths over competitors. Also, it leads to a more focused company culture and the building of inter and intra organisational relationships. According to Beik and Buzby (1973), the concept of market segmentation may be used for strategic alignment of the firms productive capacities with its existing and potential markets. 3. Types of Market Segmentation Market segmentation can in general be classified into 4 broad categories, viz Geographic, Demographic, Psychological and Behavioural.

Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

Globalization - Essay ExampleThe youth society exhibit the likeliness of being affected more by globalization because of the dynamic thinking that governs youth. Globalization has resulted to the formation of immature youth cultures that were not perceived in the tralatitious saddle horse. This paper will describe the effects of globalization on the emerging new cultures. Globalization serves to transform a society from a traditional context of use to the level of a upstart society. Culture determined the identity of many people in the traditional setting, as well as the kind of relationships developed by those people. However, globalization introduces new systems much(prenominal) as modern education, transport, and communication systems that have the potential of imparting alter on the traditional comm social unities. Evidently, the focus on the youth and the ways in which globalization transforms their lives reveal interesting patterns that can are of critical value in ant hropological analysis. This paper will consider the emerging ideologies of identity exhibited by the by the youth, and how the market systems have focused on the youth as a target market for contrary products because of the modern consumerism patterns (Kjeldgaard and Askegaard, 2006). Globalization and globalization have altered the youths perceptual experience of the self. ... Globalization has presented the youth with an prospect to experience this phase of life amidst a surging increase of media content. Many of these youths face the challenge of character reference models in from the older generations, and the increasing dynamics in the current trends serve to increase the uncertainty with which they accession life. The youth culture has plunged into a crisis of identity as globalization takes toll on societies. The cultural setting has affected the reception of the emerging trends, defining unique youth identities in each cultural unit (Kjeldgaard and Askegaard, 2006) Ove r time, the change in identity perception seems to be adopting an individualized manner, while in separate cases the change affects a certain cultural setting. Evidently, some youths have exhibited the capacity to define individual identity. In other cases, globalization motivates the youth of a certain culture to exhibit certain attributes in a collective manner. Globalization has given rise to increased media forms and a diverse range of media content targeting different people in any society (Alim, 2011). The media has been keen to supply the youth cultures with content that captures their attention. The media has altered the perception of identity among youth cultures because of its ever increasing influence. From different media forms, the youth become consumers of the new ideologies defining aspects such as dressing, and fun activities, factors that have affected self perception and hence their identity (Kjeldgaard and Askegaard , 2006). There is endorse that the identity of youth cultures depends on the stage of post-colonial period that defines each society. The rate of modernization determines the extent of change of the ideologies that define

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Rhetorical Analysis - try ExampleA reasonable sweat is do by the print advertisement designer in order to communicate the message of the cheesy filled Cheezels crisps. Therefore, the advertisement successfully transfers the message across to the localise audience. The use of objects such as a nobble pin down and a Cheezels rec altogether in tooshie of a quit illustrates the make with echt Cheese commanding text and emphasizes the presence of real cheese as an ingredient to give an authentic cheesy taste. Furthermore, the use of colors and the focus of the image on the mouse trap and cheese with the rest of the image slightly blurred makes a stress on the cheese. The mouse trap with a cheese displays that the Cheezels send for is just like real cheese so that even a mouse can be trapped by using a Cheezels ring instead of real cheese. The mouse will be caught after it mistakes the Cheezels ring for real cheese. The background is made slightly fuzzy so as to keep the concent ration and focus of the mantrap on the mouse trap and the cheese and the background objects are largely irrelevant to the whole idea of making the viewer feel the cheesy craving in his or her mouth and go purchase a udder of Cheezels. An attempt has been made to appeal to the pathos through the idea of a mouse getting killed as it mistakes the Cheezels ring for real cheese. ... The focus and positioning of the camera is done such that it enables the viewer to view the appall of the house with a wall behind that has a subtle and soothing color. The floor is where the mouse trap fixed with a Cheezels ring is placed. The single sofa at the back also demonstrates a mellow atmosphere. The idea is that the owner of the house is in a relaxed environment where he has placed a Cheezels ring on the mouse trap in order to capture the mouse. The whole setting of the background including all its objects such as the sofa, floor, wall, mouse trap and most importantly the Cheezels ring creates a homely environment. However, no attempt is made at a logical level to enkindle the credibility of the Made with Real Cheese idea. That is, no items or figures such as the nutritional information of the ingredients have been given to prove the cheesy flavor. The use of the images and objects particularly the mouse trap and Cheezels ring have been used as a tool to manipulate the minds so that the viewers perceive sensory feelings that stimulate the taste center of the brain. So, the attempt has been made to persuade by stimulating their sense of taste so that its audience feels hungry and inevitably feels the urge to go buy a bag of Cheezels. Clearly, the focus is on the emotional side of compassionate beings where the hunger provoking image of the cheesy Cheezels ring causes the viewer to develop a craving for the product. The punctilious selection of the image along with the arrangement of a tag which mentions the brand name and the slogan Made with Real Cheese under a bar co de adds on to the creative print advertisement. The fact that the tag was positioned at the top right with the appropriate use of colors to make

Novel Essay Chapter Analysis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Novel Chapter Analysis - Essay ExampleTapakwewin is one of the World War I chapters, and it takes place in September in the argona around Hill 70, near the village of Lens. The bodily function in the chapter involves Xavier and Elijah sniping and their squad managing to take the hill from the German troops. This chapter also features the German flamethrower troops who symbolize kinda well all the really horrible things about war. Mixed in with this action and horror are important character developments on the parts of Xavier and Elijah twain. They also meet another Anishnabe soldier who helps to clearly find out the role that Xaviers and Elijahs people play in the war, and how that defines who they are and the problems they have in the bosh itself.In relation to the other chapters of the novel, the reason that Tapakwewin seems central is that is really focuses on the characters of Elijah and Xavier, and how they are different and uniform to one another, in a way that helps the reader to understand the novels central matter of loss during war-time. This theme is not only loss of life and health, as Xavier experiences, but loss of honor and a loss of sanity. It also highlights another of the novels themes, which is the problems that Native Americans had and still have in integrating with the mainstream population while simultaneously maintaining their own unique traditions and cultures.The Elijah and Xavier featured in this chapter have both begun to change from who they were, and both seem to feel that they are on a course that can no longer be altered. Xavier shares Elijahs thoughts, revealing that he wonders what is growing in him (Boyden 262). In the end, he says, the answer is simple-minded Elijah has learned to take pleasure in killing (Boyden 262). This point, roughly 2/3 of the way by means of the novel, seems a pivotal one. In the

Education Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Education - denomination ExampleEducation helps discover the hidden talent and potential of an individual and then work on it to improvise it. Education does not only mean studying in schools and earning good grades. The true midpoint of pedagogy lies in discovering the inner being and trans melodic lineing it into a cultured, intellectual figure.In this research, we shall analyze the evolution of pedagogics into one of the most important needs for mankind. We shall study the effects of education on our societies. We shall also talk about the power that an educated person has in the society, to make a change. Education has made man herald out of the caves and trans cook his world into a place full of opportunities and convenience.In the ancient times when education was not very common, it was basically perceived orally and by observing things. A standard form of education had not developed in the societies. Due to this, knowledge about things in the environment and career was transferred informally from the elders to their young. This transferred knowledge was contrastive for all adults since every human perceives and observes their surroundings in a different manner.As humans became more than aware about their surroundings, they realized the need of a standard form of education. This evolved into a concept of formal education which was not given by their household members, in the scope of religion, customs (Hughes, More). This was the step towards a formal learning process for mankind.After some time, societies and civilizations started becoming more complex and people started working on acquiring skills to earn their livelihoods. This created an eagerness to learn more from squeamish people and a realization that they should learn useful things from experienced people on the job location for example agriculture, fishing, preservation of food, stone work, metal work, construction, boat building etc. Literacy was more related to governing of the

Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Economic Development Research Paper

Entrepreneurship, Innovation, and Economic Development - look for Paper ExampleAdditionally, the consumers shop with the company, as the company site enables them to shop thousands of products with the hundreds of local retailers (AOL Inc., 2014 Shopcaster Inc., 2014 Mantella Venture Partners, 2013).entrepreneurial attitudes generally vary with prospects culture and attitudes of people in the countries. Canadians are having extremely positive attitude with deference to entrepreneurship attitudes. In this regard, 61% of Canadians belief that entrepreneurship is an effective career choice and 70% considers that successful entrepreneurs are having several(prenominal) social status in Canada. In terms of entrepreneurial activity, around 12% of the Canadas working-age becomes entrepreneurs in early stage. The activities of the Canadians reflect that younger workforce of the country are strongly engaged in entrepreneurial activities. Moreover, Canadian entrepreneurs are highly ambitious , as 22% of entrepreneurs have targeted to induce 10 jobs along with 50% growth inside the duration of five years. It has been identified that around 32% of entrepreneurs possess certain objectives in order to introduce new products in the market (Kremmidas, 2014). Additionally, the entrepreneurial demographics of Canada reflected that 6.3% of people are self-employed within their incorporated businesses (1Government of Canada, 2014).The stages of entrepreneurship and the example conditions for Shopcaster in Canada are based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) model. The different stages of the framework include social norms, national conditions, economic activity and infrastructure. Judy Sims obtains inspiration through interactions with local retailers and the knowledge just about the strong needs of web presence to communicate with customers. Correspondingly, the business framework is based on creative thinking ideas of Judy Rims and Aron Jones and having support from government as well as infrastructure

Research paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Research Paper ExampleWhatever a child learns in his/her tender age leaves an indelible expression on his mind for the entire life sentence. Socializing agents thus pushover an important role in establishing ones persona and making him/her a better citizen. P bents, Media, Peers and take aim are the major socializing agents. The mass media are impersonal communication aimed at a wider audience. Television, Radio, Internet, Cinemas are various examples of mass media. Mass media, in general influences every man of every age. It spreads in multifariousnessation at wider scale therefore it strongly influences ones opinions, views and thus changing and imprinting our attitudes about more things. Television is a main source of entertainment and a major agent of socialization. Mass media influences our semipolitical views, views on women, people of color, our taste in popular culture, what to buy and various other beliefs and practices. Through the depiction of imaginary characters i n different programs and advertisements media helps in projecting gender, political, religious, perceptions. whatever programs effect peoples preference towards life and society as well. It also serves as a platform to present their ideas to the world when required. source 2 After his parents and caregivers, within the comforts of his home, a child gets the exposure to mass media in the form of radio, listening to the nursery rhymes and then watching them on television in the form of various adaptations and characters. roughly studies indicate that the children learn to work together, do group activities, value each others presence by means of character description or story adaptations. Some programs for kids like Noggin levy healthy eating and exercise. Wiggles promote education on nutrition and activity. Sesame Street teaches healthy life style and new numbers and alphabets in a playful way. There are meaningful and edifying programs for school going children and adults. Th us right programs serve as educating and learning tools. No doubt, Television and media in general serves as educational and informational tool but it has negative influences on children. Studies indicate it shortens attention span, distorts consistence image and in conjunction with other factors leads to obesity. .. the mass media socialize children, adolescents, and even adults a key inquiry is the extent to which media violence causes violence in our society (Surette, 2011). Some programs showing excessive violence and anti social activities influence children behavior thus spreading violence in the society. Certain advertisements target kids and affect their thinking. Models, famous movie stars and popular sports man who are the role models are shown smoking which appears as an satisfactory norm to the children. Another example is presentation of women image on television as sexual tendency or as a passive home maker leaves a negative impression on kids mind. Models and movie stars endorse beauty products and cosmetic uplift which encourages young girls to experiment with it. Anorexia, bulimia, depression and low self-importance esteem are the outcome of these influences. Another controversy that surrounds mass media is the Writer 3 behavior troubles among youth. By the time the kids reach their adolescence, these influences become prominent on their thought processes. Drugs, violence, petty crimes to satisfy their urges and requirement as they have been watching on the television or in cinemas become acceptable norm for them. Some programs sho

Corporate governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Corporate regime - Essay Exampleuthor, difficulty of identifying a causal effect is aggravated due to lack of conclusive theories, which enable researchers worldwide to regard a specific corporate government activity code as unafraid or bad.Corporate governance framework established within companies need to incorporate core set of accountability, transparency, responsibility and fairness (ACCA, Disclosures on corporate governance). Even so, reported high profile fiscal scandals such as, those of Enron and WorldCom, suggest that the framework was not implemented at all. Weak corporate governance and devious fiscal reporting were cited as major reasons behind these scandals. These facts called for the need to establish robust corporate governance framework among organizations all over the world. Following this incidents, many laws were passed such as, Cadbury Report in United Kingdom, Sarbanes Oxley be active in the United States, the Dey Report in Canada, the Vienot Report in Fr ance, the Olivencia Report in Spain, the Kings Report in South Africa, Principles and Guidelines on Corporate Governance in New Zealand and the Cromme Code in Germany. Some authors claim that these laws occupy proven to be immensely successful in achieving objectives of transparent pecuniary reporting whereas, some authors have conveyed their options against efficacy of these laws.A significant proportion of research has investigated whether quality of financial reporting is influenced by various disclosure requirements of corporate governance. The results of these empirical researches are mixed. For example, research done by Armstrong, et al (2010) fails to provide conclusive results regarding ways in which managerial compensation influences quality of financial reporting. Cheng and Warfield (2005) have pointed out that a negative relation exists between managerial incentives and the standard of financial reporting. According to them, managerial incentives are amplified on the ba sis of their performance and not

Paper on Drugs in Media - The Wall Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

news report on Drugs in Media - The Wall - Essay ExampleDeath, bloodshed, loss of mutual trust and frailty of vivification plagued valet existence to such an extent that common people developed an escapist approach from their human existence. Compared to the adults, sensitive minds of young generation were affected to a greater extent. On one hand they wised to do it a healthy and jovial social life but their hopes and aspirations were repeatedly obstructed by utilitarian approach of the modern society. Finally, in search of their dreams and aspirations, which were strictly forbidden by the society, they chose to take refuge amidst nihilistic world of drugs.Apart from several socio-political aspects, increasing rate of drug shout has been one of the most autochthonic concerns for the late 20th and early 21st century world. Though backdrop of the entire situation was hustling since end of the Second World War, Western social discourse witnessed devastating effect of drug abuse since 1980s onwards. At the same time, technological empowerment provided extra boost to media when it came to highlighting the evil effect of drug over young generation. Films, televisions broadcasting, advertisements, literature, painting almost all forms of Art provided considerable amount of focalize over the fit out of drug abuse among young people. Governance of various Western nations also expressed their concern over such self-destructive obsession. They also came up with several types of administrative policies to control the habit of drug abuse among young people but in reality, none of those steps proved to be effective. Main reason behind such failure was that the policies, though were aimed at restraining youths from being addicted to drugs, were cerebrate over solving the problem superficially, whereas root of the problem went deeper into the core of Western social existence. The Wall, a notable British musical film, has pondered over the essential issues that h ave played the most important part in orienting post modern youth

Who Rules America Corporate America, Weber & Marx Essay

Who Rules the States Corporate America, Weber & Marx - Essay ExampleThe natural rights theorists aim was to show that composition was born in a declare of nature, and given the right to do as he/she wished, just this was sacrificed to the g everyplacenance of the land, i.e. that the apt man would give up the state of freedom, for the security and safety of law, governance and sovereignty, save retain the right to obtain and accrue whatever property they wish as long as it is within the rule of law. This is the basis of the US, with its promotion of life, liberty and freedom. A key concept of the Ameri fire charge is that it is the land of disturb opportunity and one can reaps the benefits for what they work for. In the US Corporate America and the values of capitalism have the ultimate power, where the equalities in economics are validated with the notion of equal opportunity for all item-by-items1. This pretty much follows the protestant work ethic, which theorists such as W eber back up however in response to huge inequalities theorists such as Marx arose who argued that to have economic inequality is an cry of the power that the capitalist oligarchy holds. The following section will examine the theories of Weber and Marx The theory of Weber condones the growth of the workforce and the inevitable inequalities of economic power. This treatment and mechanization of the workforce may in the short term seem the best way to increase productivity at the minimum price. This is very much the rational approach to human interaction and the increasing of productivity, management and governance of individuals. If there is no objectivity accordingly there can be no maximization of work productivity at the minimum cost. This follows the run across of management and governance of individuals, whether it be in the workplace or the governance of the country, where each of the workers need to be treated objectively and equally.Weber also stresses the importance o f inequality within the social structure for the workers. therefore Webers theory is more than the interaction between the management and the working class. Webers theory has four parts of hostel which are traditional and cultural history and rules affectual - emotional shaping influences of society wertrational - value orientated tenableness zweckrational - goal orientated rationality. Therefore the focus of Webers theory is that society and management can be fit(p) by these four spheres of social classification. The key notion that Weber developed in gild to parallelism out the inherent inequalities is that of the rationalizing of society and law hence if the values of the society and the goals of the individual can be rationalized and de-mystified then equality and justice can be instituted to achieve the best system for the society and the individual to obtain these goals. Weber sees it as an important factor that has shaped society and important to understanding the devel opment of societal structure and management. Therefore to truly develop a system that is fair and just and can transcend the barriers of inequality a rational discussion of society needs to occur in order to determine justice and the rights of mankind however the inequality in the power that Corporate America holds over the labor market is inevitable and just.2The model of Marxism, on the other hand, states that it does not regard the individual as having any human rights, instead it is for the state to set the needs of the individuals, i.e., it is not the good of the individual that the state upholds but the good and the needs of the state. Marx considered law, justice, freedom and democracy as ideas and concepts that are determined by historical and

Folk Rock Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Folk quaver - Research Paper ExampleGroups like the Beatles were largely known at the time. Dylan was considered an influential man when it came to the pioneering of this music music genre of music. At a fiesta that was held in the year 1965, he decided to appear at the festival with an electric backing band. This was considered the turning point in the development of folk rock (Logan and Woofinden 39). The previous influences that encourage the growth and development of folk rock into what is heard today should be applauded. Creativity put into convey these different genres of music together to make one common, lovable genre is viewed as a symbol of ingenuity. This is by all those whose love for music grew immensely, and they could relate to it. This paper will review more or less of the influences that existed which direct to the growth of this genre in music. Also, it will look at the role it has played in influencing music that developed much later. Some of the influences that led to the growth and development of folk rock were seen in the induce of vocal groups. Others came in the form of revival of rock and roll. This was largely in the United States. After the infringement of the British, this growth seemed to be propelled further where there was the popularization of protest music. This was done, at the time, to achieve some political edge. Inspiration among groups during that period grew as many seemed to form groups that popularized folk music (Logan and Woofinden 43). The performances of these groups were aimed at a popular, mainstream audience. This audience, at least, would appreciate their stage performances. Tight vocal harmonies are what these groups exhibited when they performed for their audiences. At times, there were mild comedic routines that were performed. During the 1960s, the main affair that set American folk rock apart from other genres, was the clear harmony singing. This singing was originally from some of the philosophie s present. They were pioneered by a movement known as the collegiate folk. Traditional folk songs heightened take of exposure for people aspiring to be entertainers during that period (Unterberger 37). Many of the well-known folk rock artists began their careers as folk revival group members. This saw them get the experience well needed to champion this genre of music to modern times. Some of the traditions among the American people were not largely accepted. This prompted some artists to start represent songs relating to the current situation. These songs, in their own right, could have been termed as protest songs. Social issues were addressed in some of these songs. An example of an artist who composed and wrote lyrics that dwelled on these issues was Bob Dylan. Some of the issues were based on the real smell experiences that he went through during his lifetime. This led to the acceptance of his music by the audience who could relate to what he sang. He earned the title of sin ger-songwriter after this period. This propelled his fame, and the fame of the music he pioneered. In the United Kingdom, an equal force was at work. Traditional folk singers led to the growth of such a genre of music. During the late 1950s, groups sprang up and started execute on known well-known instruments (Unterberger 40). Examples were the harmonica, the banjo, the acoustic guitar among others. The music they tried was known as the skiffle. It was a fuse of music that incorporated jazz and had some roots in traditional African-American folk music.

Gene Therapy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

agent Therapy - Research Paper ExampleDuring this period, there was the disco very(prenominal) of cell lines which were genetically marked. Additionally, the cell transformation and how it occurred was clarified during this period as well. Developments in gene therapy were motivated by the subsequently arrival of the recombinant DNA techniques. Clone genes were also developed which were valuable in the demonstration of how foreign genes skunk be utilise to male corrections to various defects in genes. This also revealed the importance of DNA in correcting the disease phenotypes which emanated from defective cells. Gene transfer methods and efficient retroviral vectors have shown that in vivo and in vitro phenotype correction is an strong gene therapy approaches (Dolly and Hunt 28). This is the reason why gene therapy has been justified and accepted to be applicable in clinical genetic studies which involve human subjects. Gene therapy techniques are likely to have positive b ear upon in future scientific discoveries. This is because of its postulated future use in the replacement of faulty genes and the introduction of brisk genes for treatment or modification of the clinical direction of a specific medical condition. Technical Aspects on how Gene Therapy Works Genetically altered material is delivered via three major methods. The first method involves retrotransposons or retroviruses (Murray 15). Retroviruses are commonly used due to their ability to transfer their own DNA or genetic information. Additionally retroviruses are able to alter the human gene genetically. Cell DNA has parts which are able to make copies of themselves into other sections within the cell genome (Rudolph and Aslam 44). These parts which are exemplified by the yeast transposon tummy be used in gene therapy. However the application of transposons in alteration of genes is hush under research (Judson 40). Secondly, gene therapy is made possible through blasting DNA or genes by the use of pressurized guns which are filled with helium (Bryant, Duker and Reichel 90). The helium gun is used to fire gold bullets of very small size that are coated with genes which are genetically altered (Garber 60). This technique was performed on rats with tumors in gene therapy experiments. The results revealed that the tumor cells which successfully received the inoculated altered cells demonstrated activation of coding for cytokines which played a role of activation immune cells. The third aspect of gene therapy includes liposomes (Hogan 10). This method is still being investigated where turn up molecules of fat within a solution are used in gene therapy. This methodology is used in attempts to genetically treat cystic fibrosis (Fackelmann 239). Cystic fibrosis is a respiratory tract disease which results from the buildup of chloride ions. In the gene therapy for this disease, liposomes which are coated with genes that are genetically altered are inhaled. The genetically altered genes are designed to prevent chloride ion buildup. The experiments of gene therapy have revealed that the ion levels within the respiratory tract decreased significantly with the vaccination of the genetically modified genes. The advantage of this method is that it poses less potential risk as compared to retroviruses. Positive Aspects of Gene therapy Gene therapy is advantageous because it can be used to treat individuals who have congenital genetic disease. This can be achieved through the replacement of the

Health Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

wellness Inequality - Essay Exampleifferent population groups and communities like differences in mobility between elderly raft and younger populations or differences in mortality rates between people from different social classes. Throughout the world, there are gross inequalities of health between countries and between mingled groups within the same country. For example, in Japan, the life foresight is 81.9 long time while in Sierra, it is 34 years. In this essay, health inequality in UK, which is a developed country will be explored to ascertain the order of the problem, evaluate the causes for it and study the various interventions undertaken by the government to tackle it.Of the health inequalities within the population of UK, the or so noticeable is the difference in the life expectancy between the rich and the poor (House of Commons Health Committee or HC, 2009). According to the 2006 statistics, individuals born in Chelsea and Kensington declare a life expectancy of 87. 8 years while those born in Glasgow city have a life expectancy of only 77.1 years. in spite of aggressive measures by the government and effort by the people, health inequalities in UK continue to persist. One of the briny reasons for this that while there is improvements in the health status of the poorer population, the richer continue to get better and keep the possibility open. The gap is in fact increasing. According to HC (2009), the gap in mens life expectancy in the period 200507 was 4% wider than the baseline period, while for women, this gap was 11% wider. Also, from 200507, infant mortality in routine and manual groups was 16% higher than in the population as a whole, compared to 13% in the baseline period. The HC (2009) has also reported health inequalities in some major causes of mortality like coronary thrombosis artery disease and stroke. Similar differences have been noted for infant mortality too.Apart from socio-economic strata, health inequalities have been re ported even between various ethnic groups.

British and American Comedy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

British and American buffoonery - Essay ExampleBridget gets stuck between Daniels attractive personality and Marks close associations with her. This dilemma of Bridget gets solved through the information she learns from her m early(a) ab come forth the real truth of the action between Daniel and Mark. Bridget learns that Daniel owing to his flirting character had contributed to breaking the affinity between Mark and Marks wife. Thus successfully coming out of the dilemma she decides to stay on with Mark (Maguire, 2001). Dilemma to Comedy In my perception, Bridget Joness Diary is truly a romantic comedy. Bridget in her relationship with the two lot Daniel and Mark shows a reflection of good amount of emotion and romance, which culminates to putting her into dilemma. The movie in the midst of a romantic whirlpool lasts successful in portraying a comedian character of Bridget Jones. Bridget who much takes into alcohol and cigarettes takes the pledge to reduce her overweight. The way Bridget records the same in her diary attracts attention in qualification it as one of best comedy films. Further, the film has employed many funny dialogues, which owing to their restraint and straightforwardness made it have a comedy appeal. The flirting activities, which Bridget carries on out of her fantasy for her boss, Daniel Cleaver, likewise encourage a sense of comic actions. The comedy is best exposed in a sauceboat scene where Daniel in an endeavor to balance himself between two boats one run by him and the other by Bridget loses balance and eventually falls into water. Bridget Jones Diary earns success in becoming a comedian film also because of the way the characters are portrayed in the movie. Bridgets character enacted by Renee Zellweger has become the main... This essay stresses thatBridget Jones is stuck in a real dilemma for the existence of two men in her life, Daniel and Mark. Daniel turns out to be her boss and Mark is the person whom she meets at the Chri stmas Party hosted by her parents. Bridget Jones in the initial defend in more busy involved in a relationship with Daniel Cleaver who also reflects a kind of possessiveness over girls and woman. Bridget despite knowing the fact that Daniel is an occasional flirter continues to share a strong relationship with him by going to dates.According to the paper findingsthe main roles in the movie Some Like It white is played by Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon. Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon in the movie play the roles of two musicians who were struggling to steady down their career and earn a better livelihood. The names of the musicians, which Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon portray in the movie, are that of Joe and Jerry. However, these multitude in a search for a better life and have become the center of avocation having seen a murder make an endeavor to flee to Florida. The uniqueness in the portrayal of their character involves the reverse where these two persons, Joe and J erry decide to hide their original identity and join a melodic band group maintained by girls. Joe and Jerry in their disguise name themselves as Josephine and Geraldine respectively. Marilyn Monroe on the other hand know as Sugar Kane in the movie plays the role of a principal vocalist and plays a musical instrument for the band.

Mini-report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mini-report - Research Paper ExampleThe track record has two primeval issues the first argues whether Platos good morals are centered on individual humans or quasi-morals, the second issue is a discussion on what is good to them.The form of good in the state is evaluated by different top philosophers and classicists. The book acts as an introduction to Platos philosophy thus fit todays students efficiently both in interpreting controversial issues and adding their ethical backgrounds. Terry has rightfully worked hard in illustrating the admirable qualities in the republic of Plato. This is a result of her proficiency in write shes the professor of philosophy in Wisconsin university together with the other authors.George Anastaplo, a scholar explains in this book how atomic number 53 can read and at the same tie enjoy texts from ancient authors. He illustrates how these bully artists thought and discussed among themselves to come up with solutions of their time. In the book, t he author does not mention the texts one by one but, but discusses what he has noticed or learnt from these individuals. His discussion ranges from the ancient Homer and Plato to Aristotle and Sappho. The author discusses how different these associate to chance, these include art, nature, and divinity, this is in relation to different artworks from various philosophers.This is a book by the famous Christopher Taylor he brings out a relationship between the infuriating and engaging figure and the historical Socrates that appears in nearly of Platos dialogues. He goes on and examines the big image in Socrates as a good workout of a philosophic life. He emphasizes the influence of Socrates to the development western philosophies, without his play, it would have been a different thing. Socrates except had an influential figure in making advancements in philosophy he wasnt an author as well but played a

The Characteristics of Effective Groups Essay Example for Free

The Characteristics of hard-hitting Groups EssayAccording to Johnson Johnson (2009), meetings are defined as two or more(prenominal) people join together for a common purpose to lend out a goal and influence sever everyy other. in that location are many different types of groups and groups exist for many reasons. Groups are interdependent in the sense that an effect which affects mavin member is standardisedly to affect all (Johnson Johnson, 2009, Chap. 1, pg. 6). Most groups are structured by a discipline of roles and norms. These roles define what part members of the group pull up stakes play a foresighted with accept able-bodied behavior of separately role. Norms are a set of rules that are established done common beliefs and shared values that realize the behavior of the group by defining what is acceptable or unacceptable behavior based on the billet (Johnson Johnson, 2009). This paper go away provide an overview of an in force(p) group through my perso nal experiences, explain roles members need played, and explain how group participation is expressed through verbal and nonverbal communication and attractership.Lastly, this paper leave discuss how for each one of these things grow contri onlyed to the groups effectiveness. Effective Groups Effective groups work together to achieve individual goals and team goals, and foster two- counsel communication between the leader and team members. The team sole(prenominal) succeeds when every angiotensin-converting enzyme succeeds and resolve conflict in a constructive manner (Johnson Johnson, 2009). Working together in this lay promotes teamwork and a happy work environment.It also furthers people to be individuals and fosters innovation. Johnson Johnson (2009) have stated in ordination for an effective group to succeed the group must achieve its goals, maintain good working relationships among members, and vary to changing conditions in the surrounding organization to include internal and external influences (Chap. 1, pg. 24). Roles The roles each member plays in the abuse center are defined by the job description that states functions a member is to carry out based on their role.The groups are structured in a hierarchy of a call center director who would serve as the group chair, a team of supervisors who would be considered committee chairs to dish up facilitate the effectiveness of the group, that have 20 direct reports or members. at a time the group is organized the leader must establish sack up and achievable goals. The goals must be able to satisfy individual involve in order to gain commitment from each member, but the group must also nab that these goals merchantman non be achieved without other members of the group.If the goals are set and they are not attainable then members will savor discouraged and unmotivated to achieve the goals. These goals provide a guideline for the group to work by. Communication Once the goals are established they must be communicated to the group. Communication is a vital part of the group world able to achieve these goals as members must be able to ex shift information to reduce misunderstandings and polish off work that needs to be done.Effective communication occurs when the senders message is interpreted the way the sender intended it resulting in work being accomplished more accurately and efficiently (Johnson Johnson, 2009, Chap. 4, pg. 133). two-part communication involves both the sender and receiver engaging in open dialogue and being able to share ideas and whole toneings, rather than the sender communicating the message to the receiver and limiting the receiver sharing responses.Although two-way communication is more time-consuming this is the method that is utilize with the effective group at my job to encourage group participation, limit frustration, encourage innovation, and increased productivity. Communication is also delivered through different take verbally and nonverbally that the receiver will have to interpret. Some of the channels that are used are presentations that passel be verbally and nonverbal, face-to- face communication, email, group meetings, questionnaires, surveys, reports, conferences, and more.The receiver will pay attention to pictures, words (spoken and unspoken), embody language, facial expressions, seating arrangements to show authority, size of the room, invitees, lighting, props used to facilitate the message, and more. Communication should be clear, informative, and delivered employ methods assessable to everyone. Employees should have an opportunity to ask questions and managers should also follow-up with employees to ensure they are on the estimable track.Leadership and Participation In order to establish an effective group, leadership and participation must be distributed amongst all group members to ensure commitment on everyones part and to take advantage of all the resources within the group (Johnson Joh nson 2009). Two leadership approaches that Ive continued to use is the Try this and What do you moot? These have been both very effective working in a call center, especially one that is new.Within our call center employees are always learning new ways of doing things and improving upon processes, but we simply cant do it without feedback. Feedback is an cardinal resource that we rely on as managers to manifest us what our employees like and dislike and it aids our employees in their information to reinforce positive and negative behavior. As a manager I wear many hats, one of them being a coach. Coaching helps employees locate strengths and weaknesses, and offers guidance without telling the employee what to do.This has been effective because it facilitates conversation between the employee and leader and allows two-way conversation versus it being one-sided. When one effectively coaches and offers suggestions, employees know you care and have an interest in what they are doi ng and often times will exceed performance expectations because of successful coaching. Once the employees meets/exceeds the manager can continue to give them task that will stretch them and challenge them to aid in their continued growth and development.When coaching employees it will be important to set SMART Goals and ensure that tasks are assigned appropriately according to the employees skillset otherwise, this may hinder development and frustrate the employee. Using the What do you think? approach is considered participative leadership. All determinations made within an organization should not be the sole responsibility of leaders. Depending on the type of decision being made should determine who is come to in the decision making process.By consulting the group the manager is more apt to get buy-in when implementing change and it shows the group that you value their opinion. Although this can be a time consuming approach according to Yukl (2006), when employees feel like th ey are part of the process they are more likely to accept decisions and performance and esprit de corps increases, along with commitment of employees. Leaders will have to be careful that employees have time to enrol and arent overloaded with work, subordinates share the leaders goals and tasks, ensure criteria for determining decision is sightly so the ajority will be likely to accept the decision, and ones personal views dont tinct the decision.Ive used this approach of decision making when trying to find out what type of rewards employees would like so they would work harder to achieve the goal versus me going out and buying things that they will not get ahead from resulting in them not being motivated to achieve the goal. This approach can be effective when used for the right reasons and not the leader wanting to fend off the decision making process. Match Decision-Making with the needs of the fleckFrom time to time leaders will have to make decision that can not be derive d out of group consensus. According to Yukl (2006) Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard proposed the situational leadership theory that states the approach a leader takes will be based on the situation, subordinate maturity, and level of influence one needs to bring about the task. Effective situational leadership acts as one function between the leader dah, maturity of follower, and situation and each must be appropriate for one another (1000 Ventures, 2009).The style of the leader is not consistent with each person because ones behavior, level of understanding, and commitment to the task may change depending on the situation therefore, the leader must be prepared to use a variety of leadership styles. The key to effective situational leadership is to effectively understand the situation, provide employees with the appropriate tools to learn and aid in development through coaching and feedback, along with keeping individuals motivated.It is never appropriate to assume that all individua ls are on the said(prenominal) level because people have different life experiences and needs therefore, proper questioning and observation should be used to be effective at situational leadership. Leaders have to be careful that their leadership style is appropriate for the situation and if not this could be perceived negatively in which the leader will have to make an adjustment. I have used situational leadership as a manager and have establish that it is important when the situation affects the group to get the groups buy-in by presenting the occupation, getting suggestions, and then making a decision. firmness of purpose Conflict in Constructive Ways No group is perfect and disagreements are bound to conk from misunderstandings, lack of communication or clear goals, personal opinions however, with effective groups disagreements are beneficial, but must be resolved in a constructive manner. According to Johnson Johnson (2009), disagreements promote creative decision making a nd problem solving, promote involvement in the groups work, and commitment to implementing group decisions (Chap. , pg. 27).Group challenges also ensure that the minority is perceive rather than always going with the majority and everyone has a voice. If disagreements are not handled timely and addressed they can destroy the group. Members of effective groups resolve their conflict through compromise, negotiation, analyzing problems by using supporting data, and ensuring the process is fair and everyone is heard to come up with the best solution for the group and leave all members satisfied.If the group is unavailing to reach a decision then they may enter into a process called mediation whereby an decreed member may determine the best course of action and the group will trust the decision made by the appointed member and move on (Johnson Johnson, 2009). Conclusion All groups are set up based on a structure that includes roles and norms to provide a basic framework for members t o function. In order for the group to be effective members must understand what roles they play in order to avoid role conflict and acknowledge the norms exist and they must follow them or accept consequences for not sideline them.Effective groups use their ability to influence and increase the knowledge and skill of each other and match to issues in a positive manner to resolve conflict to allow the group to run more smoothly. In order for these issues to be well managed the group has to understand the organizations strategy and personal line of credit objectives and continually look to the future needs of the organization, consumer, employee, environment, and economy due to continual changes to ensure the organization and group is able to keep up.By each member maintaining its commitment to the group, having clear goals and understanding of how they fit in, maintaining clear and open lines of communication, proper balance of leadership and participation to ensure balance of wor kloads and direction, along with proper channels to resolve conflict will continue to contribute to the groups effectiveness and enable long lasting effective groups.

The First Industrial Revolution Essay Example for Free

The First industrial re refreshingal EssayThe end of the 18th century has become the turning point in the scientific evolution of society. The First industrial Revolution dates back to the 1790s, and is interesting in a sense that it was caused by a whole set of hearty and economic factors and led to the development of the new social order.It should be noted that prior to the First Industrial Revolution, European society in general (and England, in particular) had displayed the features of pre-industrial deliverance the economic surplus was almost zeroed the economy was stagnant agriculture was the basic economic activity broader populations were not given a single opportunity to enjoy the benefits of higher active standards (Deane, 1999). The First Industrial Revolution came as an urgent and unexpected response to the rapid growth of population, introduction of laws in England, and outstanding growing in food production (Hooker, 1996).New English laws led peasants to lea ve their lands and to move to cities, thus increase urban population and leading to the re-distribution of income opportunities. With the emergence of mercantilism and with the pursuit of wealth turning into the major social value in England, more and more people found it necessary to achieve better living standards, which was not possible without technological revolution.The cotton gin was the first and the critical product of the First Industrial Revolution. Due to mechanization of cotton manufacturing, textiles have slowly ceased to be a matter of family business, turning into a large system of corporate manufacturers. The steam engine is fairly regarded as the second major institution of the industrial revolution. Along with the cotton industry, the steel industry began to grow by leaps and bounds (Hooker, 1996).Mining and blacken industries have also undergone a strategic shift. The First Industrial Revolution produced a set of irreversible social effects, including the growi ng role of the middle class, emergence and growth of cities in their present day form, urbanization, and the dramatic change in living conditions across different population groups. Job specialization and the development of the new occupation groups were also the results of the First Industrial Revolution.Finally, the creation and use of steam power sped up the magnification of book publishing, further increasing the levels of literacy and reinforcing political participation of masses (Deane, 1999). References Deane, P. (1999). The First Industrial Revolution. Cambridge University Press. Hooker, R. (1996). The industrial revolution. working capital State University. Retrieved June 15, 2009 from http//www. wsu. edu/dee/ENLIGHT/INDUSTRY. HTM

Lodging in Canada Essay Example for Free

Lodging in Canada Essay actu everyy estate is classified as one of the greatest ad hominem financial assets one can protest in Canada. Some statistics have estimated that, more than 70 shargon of Canadians posses their ingest personal homes (Alexander, 2006). The value of all residential homes in the country is estimated to amount to more than 2 trillion dollars. Given the modern solicit for personal homes, the futurity financial plans of most Canadians includes the value of owning homes. The change magnitude desire for most people to own personal homes and yards has been attributed to the various demographic and market factors. Some of these factors include an senescence race and a subaltern inflation economy which has been sustained over time. Demographic factors have been cited as the greatest contributors to the current entreat for personal admit in Canada. Statistics show that, Canada experiences a intermediate growth in its population and medium rates of immig ration as well. The high number of people who are retiring from their jobs and retracting back to their homes has enlarged the demand for personal homes in the country.In addition, the demand for residential homes has as well as risen as a result of the net growth rate of domicile formation. However, this rate is expected to decline from the current 1. 4 percent to around 0. 8 percent by the year 2030 as a result of an aging population in Canada (Alexander, 2006). As much as these factors have led to an increased growth in the number of personal homes and residential estates, the same factors are likely to result into higher home prices in the near future.For this reason, the average price of personal homes is expected to increase by about 4 percent per annum over the next 20 years or so. The future trend for personal housing is also expected to change in the next few years due to the increased reliance of Canadas population growth rate on immigration. Initially, Canadian immigra nts preferred rental accommodation but this trend has lately changed, as most immigrants now seek to own their own personal homes. In this case, the rate of household formation is bound to increase.However, some demographical statistics suggest that, the rate of parvenu homes construction is bound to go tear in future as a result of an aging population. In this case, it is predicted that the rate of personal housing is likely to reduce from 175,000 housing units per year as it stands today to around 125,000 housing units per year in the year 2030 (Alexander, 2006). Historically, those Canadian cities with a problem of land scarcity have been found to posses the highest demand for personal housing.These cities which include Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal have hence been found to have the highest price gains in house prices over the agone two decades or so. By the year 2030, the housing demand in these cities is expected to increase to a higher place the current national average, especially in Toronto and Vancouver, due to the increased rate of immigrant growth. Other cities in Canada which are expected to experience a rise in housing demand in the near future include Edmonton and Calgary, as a result of more stable conditions in the labour market.On the different hand, a few cities are likely to experience lower housing demands than in the past, due to little supportive demographics presented by the low population growth. It can thus be concluded that, though the current demand for personal homes in Canada is quite high, the future number of new housing levels is likely to be moderate the demand for more personal houses is bound to increase, due to the aging Canadian population.The entry of new house levels is largely dependent on the rate of immigration and in this case, any slight increase in the number of immigrants will shift the demand for housing to a high end. Reference. Alexander, C. (2006). Long-term brainpower for Canadian homes. Canada Specia l Reports. Retrieved on 21 November, 2008, from http//www. td. com/economics/special/ca0906_home_prices. jsp.

Cinderella - Family Therapy Essay Example for Free

Cinderella Family Therapy EssayCinderellas case thoughtualized exploitation a Bowenian transgenerational model According to Bowen, one of the pioneers of family therapy, family jakes be understood as an emotional unit, which can be best analyzed through a multigenerational framework. Cinderellas story, which was told by many professional storytellers, including brothers Grimm (19 century) and Charles Perrault (17 century), as many other famous fairytales lacks many important details and characters descriptions that a therapist would deficiency for administering family sermon involving transgenerational model.If we would speculate knowing approximately information about Cinderellas family members, the transgenerational model would work beautifully. A inveterate anxiety of Cinderella, her unstable, submissive behavior, could be explained by anxiety transmitted over several generations. Goldenbergs bring our direction to a few important emotional patterns of an individualth e selection of a spouse with similar specialty level and the family projection process that results in lower level of self-differentiation (p. 89, 2008).Bowen would even build a chance for Cinderellas children to generate a reduced level of self-differentiation and being increasingly vulnerable to anxiety (Goldenberg Goldenberg, 2008). Bowen punctuate that the multigenerational transmission programs non only the levels of self differentiation, but also programs familys roles and interactions. Cinderellas marital problems could be understood very well through the lens of her family behaviours (The Bowen Center, n. d. ).My only major concern about masking of transgenerational model in Cinderellas case would be the early death of Cinderellas parents ( her genogram is hard to build) and her latter(prenominal) life with the wicket, very directive stepmother, who evidently influenced Cinderellas fragile and indecisive mind structure. Cinderellas business leader and inability to b uild attachments to her family members, which were not all angels, should be also considered when providing her with a therapy. Once again, her attachment to her good-natured father, her godfairy, her stepmother and stepsisters, could be easily incorporated into transgenerational model.Cinderellas case patternualized through Bowens concepts of triangulation. According to Goldenberg and Goldenberg (2008), the Bowens concept of triangulation would allow understanding better Cinderellas marital problems. Probably, a few first years of Cinderellas marriage were happy, because it was a big relieve for her to escape the stepmother cruelty. However, even her first marital years could have some initial problems. For example, the prince, who was brought up in a normal family, could not understand or could not believe Cinderellas stories she told about her family.He would smiling when she would share her violent memories with him. The prince mistrust and his ironic smile could initiate som e negative feelings and despair in Cinderella. In this case, the stepmothers figure would be founder in Cinderella-prince conflict through Cinderellas stories. It is particularly interesting that the third mortal does not need necessarily be present to create a conflict in triangulation (The Bowen Center, n. d. ). When children were born from a person (or two persons) with low self-differentiation, many other triangles and possible shifts and tensions could occur.Cinderellas case and the object-relations model Goldenberg and Goldenberg (2008) result a deep insight into Cinderellas story based on the object-relation model, which is connected to the early Freudian concept of mother-child bonds. Even though the Cinderellas relationship with her mother was very short before her mother sometime(prenominal) away, it appeared to be a foundation of many Cinderellas later issues, such as her idealization of some women characters (godmother later, some older women-friends), a few conflict s between her ego and id, suffering from deprivation of early attachments, exploitation insecurity and low self-esteem, and others.All these issues that the object-relations model would discover, could be projected to Cinderellas later marital problems. A person who survived a trauma of loosing her both parents and the hardship of living with evil stepmother and stepsisters could have a softwood of troubled thoughts and experiences that could be projected into her relationship with her spouse and children. I believe that the object-relations model (psychodynamic in its core) could provide the best insight when dealing with Cinderellas marital problems.

Analysis of Language, Rhetoric, and Politics in George Orwell’s 1984 Essay Example for Free

Analysis of Language, Rhetoric, and Politics in George Orwells 1984 EssayThis statement coming from the novel entitled Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell contains different meanings depending on its context and rationality. The phrase contend is quenchness can be define as a prediction or conclusion that peace is always a result of war. When there is war, there would be peace, which is not always aline depends on the incident. The phrase freedom is slavery can be said that even if you atomic number 18 free, there argon influences, consequences, and contributors that would continue the act of slavery and population would in time suffer from these cases. Because when we say freedom, there would be a knead of governance and democracy but as long as authority exists, slavery would quiet down become trigger of freedom. The phrase ignorance is strength can be true sometimes. If you are imbruted, you are to a greater extent capable of acting without losing anything becau se you do not know something. Ignorance can be said as an get away to do everything without knowing anything just to be free. However, why do these phrases were stated if they could actu in ally say what is true and correct without any vague, ambiguous, and doublespeak voice communication or languages.Use of languages can be vague and ambiguous depending on the person who utilise it, on the context he is relating with, the plurality he is talk to and the meaning of those actors line itself. Most often, we use words that are light but critical in order to take on our audience or the person we are talking with leave behind be less(prenominal) burdened by the whole situation. We use fuzzy, confusing and light words to exemplify the meaning of what we submit to say in accord to their feelings. One of the practical or simplest examples is the words or languages in business.A corporation ask to reduce its employees due to company problems, but rather than using honest words t hey utilized adept words in order to pass water their employees understand the situations (not the real reason) with no hard feelings or at least minimal objection coming from the employees. One company denied it was laying off 500 state. We dont condition it as a layoff, said the corporate spin doctor.Were managing our staff resources. Sometimes you portion out them up, and sometimes you manage them down. Firing workers is such big business that there are companies whose business is helping other companies provoke workers by providing termination and outplacement consulting for corporations involved in reduction activities. But dont worry, if youre managed down, the Outplacement Consultant lead help you with re-employment engineering. (Lutz, 1996) Because of these scenarios, people became clueless rather than being educated that are actually needed in every candidate of human life.In order to become productive, we need to be sophisticated by the fact that we need to under stand things that are connected to our jobs, sociological interaction, or even personal maters. However, there are instances when these sides of judgement and education could not be obtained because people behind those conflicts and problems are apprehended by their actions. Therefore, it is a form of stealing stealing our learning, knowledge, and privilege to recognize sensitive matters. That is why people having these issues are playing-safe to acquire less refusal or conflicts in the future but the consequences go away be more problematic.Then, a question will rise towards these issues as it become more active during these times. The question will be what are the cause of these people to state ambiguous, vague, and doublespeak that are more conflicting rather than honest thoughts? I guess, the reason why these things happened is that people are inherently liar in different forms and grounds as also ground on the article of Stephanie Ericsson entitled, The Ways We Lie. Why d o they need to do these? It is because they need to compel people that there is no problem or everything is all right to extent of lying just to make things better.We lie. We all do. We minimize, we avoid confrontation, we spare peoples feelings, we conveniently forget, we keep secrets, we justify lying to the big- qat situations. (Ericsson, 1992) This statement shows that we all lie in different situations especially when it is needed or sometimes we used words that are less offensive to minimize the reaction of our audience or who we are talking with. In this case, as connected to the phrases above, use of doublespeak, vague, or ambiguous words are already part of our sociological interaction.We are doing this in order to make the people less objective to the whole situation. However, we cannot turn down the fact that it will soon emerged into a conflicting issues that needs to be done in accordance to the law. Coming from the novel Nineteen Eighty-four by Orwell the statement r obbing its citizens of their capacity for critical thought and reasonable, original self-expression is true not only from the past but also in the present and will still exists in the future. It is a fear we too, in our modern society, must share, or argue that his fear is overstate or even un free-baseed.Because of the cases that were explained above, people could not be able to express themselves because hey are becoming ignorant to what is true and right. I can say that it is better to recognize the truth despite of the failure that it whitethorn cause rather than doing some actions and hoping that there would be a brighter future but actually, there would be no solution to the problem is more miserable. Our political, social, economic, and even personal aspects of living are full of doublespeak words and languages. This is because we are not always open to reality and truth for we do not want to be rejected, obligated, and failure.Most often, we keep on hiding from our blanket s to escape from the certainty of everything. That is why, in order to minimize these cases, people are already doing lesser projections to reduce absurd feelings that may cause tension and despair. However, does political aspect needs these cases to magnify the burdens of the future. Logically, we know that political cases and aspects should be honest when it comes to its decision, preferences, and problems because its citizens are the primary affected from all of it.Nevertheless, this is not the situation today. There are some situations or maybe almost problematic situations that are hidden from the knowledge of the people for it will bring terrible conflict to the solid ground. If the government could not guard the situation and people knew about it, the president or the leader will explain but it will use doublespeak words or languages to make the people more comfortable and to lessen their fright, but up to what extent? Things like these happened subsequently the September 11, 2001 attack in New York.The president claim that the country is already safe from terror attacks but he did not state any problem after the terror attack. He used doublespeak words to make its people less frightened from the whole situation but he did not say anything about the defenseless cases and problem within the white mob that the terrorists already warned them but they did not pay attention to it. In this case, they did not want to be unsaved so they made some segues and focused on the future having no further justifications of the past and the present.In our time, it is broadly true that political writing is bad writing. Where it is not true, it will generally be found that the writer is some kind of rebel, expressing his private opinions and not a society line. Orthodoxy, of whatever color, seems to demand a lifeless, imitative style. The political dialects to be found in pamphlets, leading articles, manifestoes, White papers and the speeches of undersecretaries do, of course, vary from party to party, but they are all alike in that one almost never finds in them a fresh, vivid, homemade turn of speech.As a whole, Orwells novel is a revelation of the past situations that still exists today. Language is not a problem but the people who used the language based on their intentions and desire. If they choose not to be obligated and responsible to the problem, they will use doublespeak words, but if we think of it, who will be responsible for all of those problems if no one is honest about everything? Is it the future generation, or our ancestors?

Values And The American Culture Essay Example for Free

Values And The American cultivation EssayThe set that drive American culture as such be their ability to judge almost whole of its situational issues boosting the ease with which they were able to ad merely to changeable life conditions making sure the affiliate of its race. This constitutes American behaviors, its muchs and traditions which were handed down by means of generations with little modifications. This is its own culture.Like their gestures, eating habits, drinking habits, sex, and laughter which are only personality indicators are likewise their cultural markers. Even their food preferences and attitudes to ward food which necessarily reveals their inner self is also a display of their culture, because food plays an important role in the lives of all people beyond its obvious wizard, a necessity.Sam Keen cites Geoffrey Gorer the most significant common traits in these peaceful societies are that they all manifest enormous gusto for concrete physical pleas ureeating, drinking, sex, laughterand they, they all steel very little distinction between the paragon characters of work force and women, particularly that they invite no ideal of brave, aggressive masculinity ( Watters 2005), reminds me in particular of a proof of American culture having been developed through generations of varying grades of adjustments and alterations to continue to live and survive in the thick of fierce environmental situations.I compute this is what most American teen-agers call an attitude of being cool Normally however, things happen because something else took place, consequently, events takes place a battery of events, a domino effect, because in that location are only few things that come to pass all by themselves. The higher up citation also reveals a view of a society that is exactly the sustenance portraits of their ancestors a society that is composed of people who are just as weak as those who nurtured them or the other flair around.They loo k like disconcerted, unsettled group at one point of what appears to be simpleton in ignorance for men and women alike can rise preceding(prenominal) the limits of physicality in determination to achieve the optimum level, a better and compromising society. That men and women alike can rise above carnality to supersede poor human idiosyncrasies and egocentricities. That men and women alike are capable of rising above the meager desires of the flesh.In other words, it is a pity, for these is how this particular group of people has been nurtured. The prayer of the poor souls by Mark Twain is indicative of that particular generation weakness in personalities. In this 21st century, who would make out to applaud soldiers going to war? Who would go to church and pray that the soldiers be safe? battalion would think of it as a sickening idea.However, in the past that was their last recourse in the center of tribulations for a prayerful congregation that moderatems to be lost and in n eed of some supreme powers to go by the opponents, whose reasons for warfare is not so clear, who have no alternative but to suffer the chills of the uncertain, mercy from the tyrannical Being for the childrens lives that will be lost including their very dreams, all of it is plainly the result of their irrational obsessions.It was a reflection of the achievements in education and technology of the time. Praying for the security of forces in times of war, a war which was usually conducted as a result of overt desire for what is transient and materialistic, a war that exclusively runs counter to the ideals of preservation of life even at the fetal stages, for even in the most tricky problems in science and mathematics there are almost al shipway solutions, there are those natural physically defective that are even helped to bring astir(predicate) normal living.Bravery could have meant patience, learned, forgiving, preserve and endurance overlooking the mistakes of others, ta lking about matters on the tables of logic and reason, sourcing-out what can be afforded whether intellectual or material. For going to war is a mere reflection of bravery in cowardice, it is illiteracy in the midst of modernizing technology, it means plummeting economy, bankruptcy, too elementary an idea of hiding in the power of guns and bullets, the manly relief of those who have frustrations in their younger days.Why pray for those who go to war? Let them be, and let their desires be effect to the fullest and let us see what beneficial results it would bring. War on the other hand is a equilibrise factor its mortality factor is justifiable (Miller Levine 2002). The population must be equated with its resources. Otherwise, everyone will suffer for lack. It is a way of getting rid of what is surplus. Painful maybe as it seem, but, that is one glaring generality of a truth which people have to learn and accept.For if human population increase is merely brought about by desire an d lust without considerations of the intellectual nature of people, then there must be some way to balance the situation without necessarily putting forth in public the real reasons for going to war. Mead presupposes that there are really people who are avid at inventions, eager to go to war (Watters 2005). This is simply just like a fashion show of prowess and might, a beguiling entrepreneur natural covering the motivations of greed, a game of the ignorant for in it there is no virtue.It is the making of the poor in belief a dangerous invention of murky imaginations, an out-dated social waste. Of warfares and duels and fights are the painful consequences of untimely family breeding, wrong values at the wrong places (Watters 2005). A concrete illustration of the concept of culture as eventualities can be seen through Samuel Langhorne Clemens life (Mark Twain 2006). From the time he was born until when he was a writer, where he made clear his fine evolution on how things were with him that brought about his totality as a person, an American personality.At one point in his life he used aliases, pseudonyms, and allegories to show study happenings and events that molded him into being. He could have been blunt and straightforward. But, looking back at his childhood years where he grew up moving from place to place as his family moved, adapting constantly to constant ecological changes, orphaned from a mothers tender loving care, model by an uncompromising father, growing up with a bully aunt, which strained him to be smart at his age, in his own little way.He matte up none in his family could be a confidante to a witnessed absurdity, to comfort him in dire need of a shield, to listen to his stories, to guide him through his journeys. Better are the hens and the chicks, the cats and its kittens, the dogs and its puppies, and the birds and its nestlings, even the lions and its cubs does have their own bonding slipway. So, at the outset, he has to deal with his fears, deal with his own problems, and gain his own wits, create his own little creative activity for a young boy at his age, pushing him to make decisions of his own to secure his life.Pity, but the prices of sternness, heedlessness in family responsibilities, bully, poverty, economic instability, politics, and war, has to be paid for tremendously, by the horrifying lives of those left behind to pursue an obscure journey. Does this mean life in America is indifference? Life is not that diffuse and rosy. Tom who is the male counterpart of various animals and Sawyer who saws timber (Merriam-Webster Inc. 2004) nicks across the very soul of Samuel Clemens, a reality of how one person can become because of the many and various factors that are sometimes, somehow, are beyond ones control.Nature as they say have its own ways of making a man, and molding him accordingly. Another life clarifies what brought about the American culture. Contrary to those fairytales, Louisa May Alcott as a teenager was riddled with the necessities early in life. She was supposed to be left at that young age to be bemused by the fleeting conveniences of a young lady. But, the burden of working in the shadows of her dreams to bring about the basics of life seemed just inevitable to her. Multitasking was the name of her game to help finance her family needs.It is a show of the ability of women to find ways and means to sustain life. She was not bitter though. The story was also an eye-opener and disappointment to consider how some men are narrow in outlook in putting up with a simple family needs for sustenance. She pursued the unknown fields with tenacity to success, allayed fears and troubles. In her story Little Men, she bared some other of the wholesome American family and its spirit, the willingness of granting opportunities to those in needs, without necessarily prejudicing family interest, without setting too many rules, making life easy and desirable (Alcott 1986).It also depicts the truth that more is given to some, and to others are less, and only the poor and the weak are the justification of the wealthy. To those who are given more, a lot more is required of them. Others may not realize this. But, others does, especially those who give themselves time to reflect for whatever comes and whatever leaves them. George W. Renwick, A Fair Go for on the whole Australian/American Interactions, 1991, wrote The value systems of Australians and Americans combine competitive and cooperative strands, but in different ways.The Australian harmonizes them while the Americans see them as mutually exclusive and is torn between them. Americans are always vigorous to put themselves in competition with the group or groups to which they belong it is often either the group or me. For the Australian it is the group and me, with a great deal of personal privacy as well. Australians search for ways to collaborate with the competition while Americans seeks ways to beat it. The American position seems to be that too much(prenominal) cooperation weakens ones advantage.This may stem, in part, from the different ways such values are inculcated. oftentimes is made of mandatory participation in team sport in Australian schools. Americans place more emphasis on the outstanding individual and early on learn spectatorism, with its powerful identification with the few superior performers. Finally, another attribute which drives American culture is their preference to physical evidence and eyewitness testimony. They see facts as the supreme kind of evidence.Popular best-selling books weave their tales by giving clues to the appearance of physical evidence or fact a button that is torn-off a sleeve, a telephone answering machine, a caller ID, and a bank-book of regular deposits or withdrawal, are all pieces of evidence from where American behavior, motivation and values are apparent (Lustig 1996).ReferencesAlcott, Luisa. Little Men. U. S. A A Signet Classic . 1986. Lustig, Myron W. and Jolene Koester. Intercultural Competence Interpersonal Communication Across Cultures.US harper Collins College Publishers. 1996. Miller, Kenneth R. Biology. Upper Saddle River N. J. Prentice Hall. 2002. Renwick, George W. A Fair Go For All Australian/American Interactions. Yarmouth, ME Intercultural Press. 1991. Tan, Amy. Fish Cheeks. New York Ivy Books. 1989. The Merriam Webster Dictionary. Springfield, Massachusettes. Merriam-Webster Inc. 2004. Twain, Mark. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. (ed. Unabridged). New Delhi. UBSPD. (Original work published in 1876). 2006. Watters, Ann. Global Exchange. U. S. A Stanford University. 2005.

Catholicism in Quebec and the Quiet Revolution Essay Example for Free

Catholicism in Quebec and the Quiet Revolution EssayMontreal is Quebecs largest city, has always been renowned for its numerous churches and basilicas, earning it the nickname la ville aux cents clochers. Mark Twain once said This is the first time I was incessantly in a city Montreal where you couldnt throw a brick with out(a) breaking a church window. Today, it is demote known for the motley of its people and its culture painted streets, such as the Quartier Latin and the booming Quartier diethylstilbesterol spectacles. The city is home to oer a hundred and twenty cultural communities and seventy-five languages seemingly adjustment since well over a quarter of the people was born abroad. In the June 2008 issue of Monocle, a capital of the United fairydom based magazine, Montreal was dubbed Canadas Culture Capital. It seems hard to imagine that the Catholic Church had a monopoly over not only Montreal but the entire province of Quebec simply half a century ago. How did a land founded and build on Catholicism convey a place renowned for its cultural diversity?This essay will explore how the Catholic cartels image develop in Quebec after(prenominal) the Second World War, touching the provinces strong religious foundation, the Churchs mesh of the education and medical systems, and how the Quiet revolution paved the way for the prosperity of the french language and the multicultural land we have today. Jacques Cartier officially claimed Quebec in the name of the King of France in 1534, bringing the first stain of Christianity by putting up a cross in Gasp that is still visible to this day. The farm, family, faith and language were until recently stereotypical symbols for the Quebecois, but gradually became symbols of cut settlers instead. However, these hadnt always been symbols of the colonists farming and unchanging families were not part of the mindset of the early colony.Samuel de Champlain first met with the Algonquin people on his exp loration jaunt in 1603 and the two parties were quick to form an alliance. The French and Algonquin began trading firearms for furs to keep warm passim the winter but were mainly sent to be sold in France. During the long alliance with the Algonquin people many Jesuits, members of the Society of Jesus, a Christian male religious order of the Roman Catholic Church, sought to evangelize and convert the aboriginal people. This created a bitter divide between the traditional practitioners of Midewiwin and the Catholic converts. Champlain re sullen in 1608 to create a settlement in what is now Quebec City, however at the time the French were interested in trading, fishing cod fish and later hunting beaver. This lifestyle made it laborious to attract potential colonists, and upon Champlains death in 1635 there were only 300 settlers in spick-and-span France. King Louis XIV began encouraging members of his military to remain and settle in New France after discharge, and too hiring yo ung laborers to work in the colony then encouraging them to stay as well.The recruitment efforts of the King of France resulted in a 21 male to female ratio, thus he back up les filles du roi, a plan where poor women without a dowry migrated to New France to be married and bear children. By 1681, the marriages and families of these women grew the tribe to 10 000. These 10 000 French settlers would produce most of the francophone population of Canada (Phan, 292). Once King Louis XV sign-language(a) the Treaty of Paris, handing over the French territories to the English, the French military, upper-class and business elite all returned to France. The abandoned settlers turned to the Roman Catholic Church as the clergy begun opening schools and hospitals. The French colony of Quebec wanted to avoid an American influenced political policy which stood for Protestantism, re unrestrictedanism and war, as well as severing its ties with France following the Treaty of Paris and the French R evolutions religious prosecutions.The colony then adapted policies of the Church, associating the land with the Vatican instead. The Church system worked well for the prosperity of the people at the time, but later Popes decisions would eventually lead to the evenfall of faith in Quebec. The early 19th to mid-20th centuries saw the farm, family, faith and language become the sacramental lifestyle of the Quebecois. At the end of the 19th century in Rome, Pope Leo XIII called for a vicissitude of ecclesial studies to modernise the Churchs lessons to aid in the application against the challenges of the new arena. Reform-minded scholars were thus support to explore and revise the conventional positions of the church and were given much elbowroom until the Popes death in 1903. His successor, Pope Pius X, had a much different approach.In 1907 the Pope published Pascendi Dominici Gregis, a letter condemnatory modernism as the synthesis of all heresies (Jodock, 56). The Vatican began en forcing anti-modernism, which set the stage for what would later be the Quiet revolution. The stopover leading up to the 1960s was one through which the province had long been undergoing a process of industrialization and urbanization that had dated back to the latter part of the nineteenth century. Various transformations had been taking place, making it no surprise that the Quebec Liberal Party (QLP) was able-bodied to dethrone the Union Nationale (UN) as leaders of tyke government. During the forties and 1950s, the image most frequently associated with Quebecs French-Canadian people was that of a church-ridden, agricultural society outside the mainstream of the urban-industrial labor union American way of life.Although the Catholic Church is credited for the preservation of the French language and culture, the Western world had moved its interest away from the large families and agriculture supported by the Church. This seemingly overage envision of Quebec as a society ga ve politicians a clear view on what to campaign for. Jean Lesage of the QLP was able to garner over 50% of the popular vote and gain 51 seats to defeat the UN, close a 16 year run for that party in Quebec. The province was about to come out of the period known as la grande noirceur, due to the scandal and corruption that the Union Nationale leader utilise to remain in power, and to enter a new era that Quebec still finds itself in at this rattling moment. The Quebecois expected change and Lesage was to come through for them.As the former provincial government had been supported by the Catholic Church, he had started what seemed to be a secularization process that coincided with the status of religion in Quebec at that time. Between the years 1961 and 1971, religious practice in Montreal fell from 61 percent of the population to 30 percent, and only 14 percent among people aged 16-24. The low number of young Catholics raise many concerns for the Church as to wear they would find future replacements for its aging clergy (Gauvreau). The emergence of lay Quebec organizations that defined nationalism in terms of language and political independence instead of religion also hastened a loss of confidence in the church. Not the least of significant markers in the 1960s was the bishops decision to divest Catholic Action itself. The entire process resulted in a de-Christianization that most defined carefully as not the decline of private belief, but as the rapid loss of a Catholic public identity.Jean-Paul Desbiens wrote a letter under the name Brother Anonymous criticizing the education system, stating the importance of the involvement and halt of the provincial government over such services. The characterization of Quebec citizens as a religious people was outdated and the following period gave birth to a new identity for the Quebecois to latch on to. The autopsy began this procedure by having the province take control of education by first establishing the Dep artment of juvenility (which became the Ministry of Education in 1964) and provided free education up through high school.Lesage would then go on to make schooling up until the age of 16 mandatory with the belief that educating the youth would lead them to become the successful leaders of tomorrow, replacing the Anglophones who were in control of most of Quebecs businesses at the time. Continuing the reform, he increase government control over the healthcare system, by implementing a hospital insurance plan in 1961 (a prequel to Quebecs version of a universal healthcare plan in 1972).These two essential institutions, which had been the debt instrument of the Catholic Church ever since the birth of New France, were now primarily in the hands of the provincial government, giving substantiation for the many that now believed Quebec was a secular society. In Conclusion, a land founded and built on Catholicism became a place renowned for its cultural diversity after the anti-modernisat ion of the Church oblige the Quebecois to break free from its monopoly over the province. After exploring how the Catholic faiths image developed in Quebec, it is made evident that the stereotypical symbols of the 19th century Quebecois had to be shaken in the 20th century in order for them to prosper in the 21st century.Works CitedTentler, Leslie W. and Kevin Christiano. The Church Confronts contemporaneousness Catholicism since 1950 in the United States, Ireland, and Quebec. Washington, D.C. Catholic University of America, 2007. Print. 19-90Jodock, Darrell. Catholicism Contending with Modernity Roman Catholic Modernism and Anti-modernism in Historical Context. Cambridge, U.K. Cambridge UP, 2000. Print.Van, Die Marguerite. Religion and Public Life in Canada Historical and Comparative Perspectives. Toronto University of Toronto, 2001. Print.Phan, Peter C. Ethnicity, Nationality and religious Experience. Lanham, MD University of America, 1995. Print.Gauvreau, Michael. The churches and social order in nineteeth- and twentieth-century Canada. Montreal McGill-Queens University Press, 2006. Print.Baum, Gregory and Michael Gauvreau. The Catholic Origins of Quebecs Quiet Revolution, 1931-1970. Montreal McGill-Queens University Press, 2005. Print.

John Lewis Christmas Marketing Campaign Essay Example for Free

bottom Lewis Christmas merchandise Campaign EssayThis grades allude, entitled The Journey, hopes to do as well if not better than its predecessor. The ? 6 one million million trend created by Adam+EveDDB tells the story of a snowman who travels across rivers, mountains, roads and cities to get the perfect establish for the snowwoman who stands with him in the garden. * The advert couldve been supposen on channel 4 hardly before Christmas and then(prenominal) it was easily friendly on internet(face obligate, youtube, etc). John Lewis also was running a snowman hunt, with six snowmen figures hidden around stores. If customers find them each(prenominal) they could win a price, including a 10,000 holiday, Sony laptop, spa days and gift hampers. John Lewis has also run social media activity including competitions to win a holiday to New Zealand, where the ad was filmed, and for a family to get their garden snowed up for Christmas day. John Lewis hopes to make a confiden t statement in its Christmas marketing this year through its TV, press, outdoorsy and in-store activity as well as the Annual, a glossy print title that brings together its Editions snip and Christmas catalogue into one publication for the first time.The Twitter campaign uses the hashtag snowmanjourney to track its experiential campaign that is photographing the snowman in different towns around the country. John Lewis has also press released many articles regarding their Christmas advert, in store sales, and competitions. John Lewis PR department has also write a book that tells the story of the snowman and his journey which is also part of the spirited profile Christmas campaign, short afterwards the book became one of the most selling books for children. John Lewis has attributed a face lifting in its crafts offering to its Christmas ad campaign.Items on sale include a Knit Your Own Snowman. * The campaign was created to persuade more than and more customers to come in the store and buy gifts for their loved ones during Christmas time. John Lewiss advert also delivered strong Christmas, and warm feeling to the viewers so they are also creating the brand. They unavoidableness to tell and insert John Lewiss brand in many battalions life. Craig Inglis the Marketing Director at John Lewis said the campaigns are not just an investment in devising people feel Christmassy, they have commercial effectiveness at eart. Adverts starring the character proved a big hit with more than three million views on YouTube. * The target market were people who had families, people who lad loved ones, relatives, and people who had someone one special in their lives, because Christmas it is all about expense time with the loved ones, giving them gifts and have a great time. Also they targeted at other disposals customers for example MarksSpencer, Boots, etc. Also people who wanted to their bedrooms as they had big sales in their home department.Sales figures Sales for t he retailer are up 7. 6% year on year for the hebdomad ending 17 November with a strong performance in electrical and home engineering driving the growth with a 22. 2% jump in sales. In the five weeks over Christmas John Lewis recorded a 44. 3 per centime rise in its Click and Collect service, which allows shoppers to buy products online and then collect them from one of the groups Wait go up supermarkets, compared with figures from 2011. Total web sales reached ? 684. 8 million in the five weeks to 29 December.Electrical and home technology sales were up by 30. 9 per cent on 2011 with tablets being the retailers star festive performer. Fashion and beauty sales rose 10. 4 per cent with home products increasing by 6. 2 per cent. In the pull round full week before Christmas John Lewis posted sales of ? 157. 8 million, a rise of 26. 5 per cent from last year. A record ? 31. 7 million was then taken on 27 December, the start of the retailers clearance sale. Conclusion Overall I think the Christmas campaign has been extremely successful.The soil why I am saying this is because comparing the sales figure from last year and this year they achieved a record this year by stepping over the ? 150 million revenue enhancement. Also looking at the promotional mix they have done pretty well again, as we have new products which are the snowman book and the snowman toys, sales offers in their stores at certain products. Their PR department did very well as they came with articles just before launching the advert letting people know when and where will they be able to see the advert.The personal selling was great as well as when going to the check out they would choose the customers if they found everything they need and also if they would be interested in buying the snowman book, etc. Direct marketing was great as well as there was a twitter account where you could fallow the snowmans adventure, and competitions on Facebook and in store. An improvement I would say it woul d be that maybe the customers where interested in more sales promotions and more direct marketing would convince customers to buy more products and come to John Lewis more often.Although the Advert did cost a huge amount of money that is nothing compared to the ? 157. 8 million revenue they made last year. Another reason why I think that the campaign was successful was that the advert they made has been voted as the years most favourite TV advert. And finally the last reason why I am sure that the campaign was extremely successful was that none of the directors of John Lewis pass judgment a record breaker sales figure.